Contrapunctus

Sergei Rachmaninoff / IV. Fin de siècle

Prelude, Op. 23 No. 5

1892 · Op. 3 No. 2 · Piano

The A–G♯–C♯ opening returns after the triplets, enlarged across four staves. Its success made it a nearly unavoidable encore for its composer.

4 min

Recording

  1. Alla marciaSergei Rachmaninoff · 17 May 1920
    3:36

    Rachmaninoff plays his Prelude in G minor, Op. 23 No. 5, marked Alla marcia. A clipped march frames a broad, singing middle section, and the march returns very softly before the piece ends on a quick upward run and a single high G.

    Listening notes · joins
    1. Opening march, bars 1–⁠4

      Rachmaninoff marks the opening Alla marcia, in the manner of a march. The piano begins in G minor at a quiet dynamic, with short chords and rests over a bass line that moves between them.

    2. Un poco meno mosso, left-hand arpeggios

      At Un poco meno mosso, the left hand plays broad arpeggios from a low D. Above them, the right hand joins its chords into a long, sustained melody.

    3. Victor recording sessions, Camden, 1920

      Rachmaninoff made four takes of this Prelude for Victor in Camden, New Jersey. The two takes of 3 May 1920 were destroyed, and a third, on 4 May, was put on hold. The fourth, on 17 May, was approved and issued on Victor 74628, a twelve-inch record.

    4. Return of the march rhythm

      The march rhythm returns ppp, with D major chords above low octaves. The score marks a gradual accelerando and crescendo back to the first tempo.

    5. Return of Tempo I

      Tempo I restores the original pace. C minor chords sound forte over the leaping bass, and the short repeated notes of the march now fill both hands.

    6. Closing bars

      The march grows softer. A G minor arpeggio rises, marked pp leggiero (very quiet and light), and a short high G ends the piece.

    Joins

    1. Low D opens the singing passage

      The march diminishes to bare D octaves. At Un poco meno mosso, a low D begins a broad left-hand arpeggio through D–F♯–A–C, the dominant seventh of G minor. Above it, the right-hand chords join into a melody. The piano is marked pp.

    2. Low D octaves; the march in D major

      The running accompaniment slows and falls away, marked dim. e rit. Low D octaves introduce a fragment of the march in D major, marked ppp. The same short rhythm continues through shifting chords under the marking poco a poco accelerando e cresc. al Tempo I, and the piano accelerates and grows louder towards Tempo I (bars 49–⁠57 in the Gutheil first edition).

    3. Return to Tempo I in C minor

      The march accelerates and leads directly into Tempo I. In bars 57–⁠59 low C octaves sound beneath C minor chords, now marked forte, and a further crescendo follows. The piano keeps the same clipped rhythm across the join.

    4. Rising arpeggios in the closing bars

      The march chords descend with a diminuendo. At pp leggiero, G minor arpeggios rise across the keyboard above the last low bass notes. The piece ends on a detached high G.

    Open in the Concert Hall, with the score

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